CS 400k Tech Ecoystems

Mallon brought up great points about the Waterloo Region that mimic the definition of what a “Projective City” is. To define it, it is a term that is derived from a company structure of running by projects. Big firms and companies these days operate through a project-basis work structure. All these projects individual contribute to the overall goals and metrics an organization want to improve on. I can see this in my workplace right now - I am simply part of a project to build something that supports a function of the bank. The core reason why projects are how companies work is because it allows individuals to go beyond work requirements and potentially over deliver. The key thing to also note is the idea that these managing bodies of an organization has confidence in the working ability of it’s employees and the risks that they take in a “projective city” like organization. In terms of the the Waterloo region being a projective city who’s running a pace of “learning the ...

            As Boltanski and Chiapello state, “the projective city” describes the social landscape of the current labour market as being focused on interconnectivity and holding an extensive skill set. In their view, “the projective city” enables people to curate a personal portfolio of various jobs and skills acquired throughout their lives, expanding their projects. This ideological approach seems to be illustrative of the statements and point of view posited by Mallon. For instance, Mallon proposes that individuals should learn “the equivalent of a master’s degree every ten years to keep pace with changing knowledge demands” (Pedro, 2019). As such, Mallon contends that due to several variables affecting the way in which people work, the workforce will inevitably shift to placing more value on an actors ability to flexibly move between different projects rather than stay with one. This is because as the structure...

         When we say about the concept of innovation, it refers to the research, development, adaptation, imitation of some new technologies in specific fields. Such an innovation system is a network system of various organizations existing in the economic system, which is directly related to the creation, dissemination, application and coordination of scientific and technological knowledge and the organizations responsible for supporting these processes. Through the innovation system, the State and private sector can mutually benefit each other ( Mazzucato, 2016, p. 31).         Innovation is really the result of the interaction of many factors, including companies, universities, and research associations. Individual organizations rarely have all the knowledge they need to innovate. Therefore, they need to combine scientific, design, engineering, and operational knowledge from other sources. If innovation is to be successfully implement...

Spotify first launched in 2008 in Stockholm, Sweden. Spotify is a music-streaming subscription service, in which users pay a premium every month and have full access to a large database of music, podcasts and radio stations.  In the way that Spotify rose to success, it is quite easy to see that the Swedish tech company behaves in the same way as its country’s economy. Sweden follows a Coordinated Market Economy (CME). Elements of a CME include strategic interaction, institutional support, access to capital is based on reputation, a sensitivity to long-term profitability, imperfect market conditions and strong industry relations (Hall and Soskice, 2004). In the same way, Spotify’s rise to success largely depended on the company slowly building its industry relations, reputation and forming a loyal consumer base. The creation of Spotify was also based on the premise of strategic interaction – adhering to the gap in the industry for a subscription-based music streaming serv...